Showing posts with label Truth. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Truth. Show all posts

Tuesday, August 14, 2018

The Church, Introduction


Introduction

This introduction has already begun with the previous article, “Forgiveness”.  Our goal is to seek forgiveness, not further condemnation.  We must be extremely careful here, not to multiply the damage that has already been done in previous millennia.

Well over a decade ago, I was reciting in unison with the rest of the congregation these well-known words:

“Πιστεύομεν καὶ εἰς μίαν, ἁγίαν, καθολικὴν καὶ ἀποστολικὴν ἐκκλησίαν.”
“We also believe in One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church.”[1]

The words stuck in my craw; I had to take action: the obvious obfuscation of the heavenly reality would not let go of me.  I could never look back again.

In time, I had discovered the biblical definition of the Church:

“You have come to mount Sion, to the city of the living God, to the heavenly Jerusalem, and to an innumerable company of angels; to the general assembly and church of the firstborn, which are written in heaven; and to God the Judge of all; and to the spirits of just men made perfect; and to Jesus the mediator of the new covenant, and to the blood of sprinkling, that speaks better things than that of Abel.
“See that you do not refuse Him who speaks: for if they did not escape who refused Him who spoke on earth, much more we shall not escape, if we turn away from Him who speaks from heaven: Whose voice then shook the earth: but now He has promised, saying, ‘Yet, once more, I shake not only the earth, but also heaven’.
“This word, ‘Yet, once more’, signifies the removing of those things that are shaken, as of things that are made, that those things which cannot be shaken may remain.  Wherefore, [since] we [are] receiving a kingdom which cannot be moved, let us have grace, whereby we may serve God well-pleasingly, with reverence and respect: for, our God is a consuming fire.”[2]

Hebrews 12 has much more to say about the Church.  Verses 1-11, discuss how Christ is head of the Church and what it means to be Son and sons or daughters.[3]  Verses 12-17, deal with the Christian obedience of the Church: especially, concerning bitterness.  Verses 18-21, draw a striking contrast to one of the major failures of the Old Testament Church, and the serious consequences of taking Pentecost, and the gift of the Spirit, lightly.  So, our idea of Church is informed by the obedience of Christ and the disobedience of man.  The danger for us is that we might allow the perverted thinking, that the Via Dolorosa is too difficult for us to walk; we might, perchance, let down our guard; we might cease to “look diligently”.

In any case, we see in verses 18-29 that the Church is one indivisible unity in heaven and earth; it cannot be divided: division of the Church is an absolute impossibility.  This is not some mere abstract, hypothetical possibility or potential.  This is the indicative statement of fact.  The Holy Spirit is the final arbiter of all such matters.  Yet, what God has joined together; it would seem that men have made every attempt to put asunder.

The Church throughout the ages is characterized by discord, disruption, and division.  We will adduce the evidence as we follow the rough outline of historical progression.

From its outset, the Church was persecuted by Judaism, Romanism, Greek philosophies, and others.  It was soon made an illegal religion; then, it was made legal; finally, it became the official religion of the Empire.  In becoming legal, the Church learned how to persecute: soon, there were retaliations against Jews, pagans, and other Christians… then persecution by and of new religions developed: retaliation became popular.  Just war was defined.  Persecution and retaliation escalated into international war.

If the first millennium, which we once dreamed and hoped would be idyllic, turns into massive bloodshed; while, the second millennium proves to be even worse….  How is it that the instrument of humility and peace, happened to be made into an instrument of murder and pride.  Subduing error, came to mean by any means of violence available.  Perhaps this is what John is warning us about with his seven seals, trumpets, and bowls.

The father rushes to intercept his returning prodigal son.  Job received his children alive from the dead, in a type.  Is Adam hoping to receive Able from the dead?  Can Ishmael, Esau, and the children of Keturah ever be gathered again?  Novatianism seems to have originated the idea of creating the perfect Church: have we, as neo-Novatianists driven away our prodigal brothers and sisters from Christ?

How?  Why?  Will we be able to expose the lies, so easily glossed over by the standard milquetoast secular histories?  Or will we just be poking a hornet’s nest, causing even more sorrow and trouble for the wounded body of Christ?  We hope to do no harm.  We sincerely hope that this is a healing process.  That is what these studies are about.

We must approach this subject as chiefs of sinners (1 Timothy 1:15).  Then we will be better enabled to see others as being better than ourselves (Philippians 2:3).  From this perspective, we will be able to look up to Novatian, as well as the neo-Novatianists, seeing them all as saints, worthy of Beatification & Canonization.  Then we can see their side-falls as worthy of our forgiveness: since we are so lowly ourselves.  Finally, in the process of forgiving the side-falls of great saints, not expecting them to be perfect, we hope that their being forgiven will help them to see the principle of forgiveness more clearly, and live it.  Thus, the whole Church on earth will become more forgiving as we forgive and love sacrificially.  We must hate the sin, while loving and uplifting the sinner.  We cannot be forgiving and loving, while condemning Novatian, and neo-Novatianists at the same time.

If this involves soldiering, as the following hymn suggests; then it is a battlefield hospital in full operation, serving patients whose aim in life is to destroy us: this, if necessary, we must permit them to do: we must not hold life so dear, we must not resist death, so that we can preach forgiveness for all people (Luke 23:34; Acts 7:60).
https://www.hymnal.net/en/hymn/h/468



[1] Of course, that denomination had altered the word catholic or universal; but, I knew it was there, and I knew very well what Hebrews 12 had to say about the subject: I could not escape.

[2] Hebrews 12:22-29

[3] Whether you believe that this indicates punishment or result makes little difference to me: it says what it says.  No one becomes either son or daughter without chastening.  If walking with Christ has any physical truth to it whatsoever; it means walking in the shadow of His Crucifixion.

[4] If you have been blessed or helped by any of these meditations, please repost, share, or use any of them as you wish.  No rights are reserved.  They are designed and intended for your free participation.  They were freely received, and are freely given.  No other permission is required for their use.

Tuesday, May 22, 2018

Cyril of Jerusalem, Lecture 17, Part C


Cyril of Jerusalem

Lecture 17, Part C


“For to one is given by the Spirit the word of wisdom….” — 1 Corinthians 12:8


Summary: If before, St. Cyril raced, now he flies; continuing, with references to Peter, Aeneas, Tabitha, Cornelius, Barnabas, Paul, and others whose lives the Spirit touched.  He mentions Judaizing and the Jerusalem Council.  Then he speeds on with Elymas, and the Philippian Jailer; to Athens, and Corinth; to trials before Felix, Festus, and Agrippa… all by the Spirit, Who is about to be received by the Catechumens at Baptism; Who will also test our hearts to see if they are true; Who seals us to redemption; Who blesses us with the whole fruit.


Preview:  27.  “In the power of the same Holy Spirit Peter … healed Aeneas the paralytic in the Name of Christ at Lydda … and at Joppa raised from the dead Tabitha rich in good works.  And being on the housetop in a trance, he saw heaven opened, and by means of the vessel let down as it were a sheet full of beasts of every shape and sort, he learned plainly to call no man common or unclean….[i]  And when he was sent for by Cornelius, he heard clearly the Holy Ghost Himself saying, Behold, men seek you; but arise and get you down, and go with them, nothing doubting; for I have sent them.  And that it might be plainly shown that those of the Gentiles also who believe are made partakers of the grace of the Holy Ghost, when Peter had come to Caesarea, and was teaching the things concerning Christ, the Scripture says concerning Cornelius and them who were with him; While Peter yet spoke these words, the Holy Ghost fell on all them which heard the word; so that they of the circumcision also which came with Peter were astonished, and when they understood it said that on the Gentiles also was poured out the gift of the Holy Ghost.[ii]  28.  “And … Barnabas was sent hence as far as Antioch to help on the good work, being a good man, and full of the Holy Ghost, and of faith;[iii] who seeing a great harvest of believers in Christ, brought Paul from Tarsus to Antioch, as his fellow-combatant.  And when crowds had been instructed by them and assembled in the Church, it came to pass that the disciples were called Christians first in Antioch;[iv] And as they ministered to the Lord and fasted, the Holy Ghost said, Separate Me Barnabas and Saul for the work whereunto I have called them.[v]  And after hands had been laid on them, they were sent forth by the Holy Ghost.  Now it is manifest, that the Spirit which speaks and sends, is a living Spirit, subsisting, and operating….”  29.  This Holy Spirit, who in unison with Father and Son has established the New Covenant in the Church Catholic, has set us free from the burdens of the law … which were given for a season, and had a shadow of the good things to come,[vi] but which, when the truth had come, were rightly withdrawn.  For when Paul and Barnabas were sent to the Apostles, because of the question moved at Antioch by them who said that it was necessary to be circumcised and to keep the customs of Moses, the Apostles who were here at Jerusalem by a written injunction set free the whole world from all the legal and typical observances;[vii] yet they attributed not to themselves the full authority in so great a matter, but send an injunction in writing, and acknowledge this: For it has seemed good unto the Holy Ghost and to us, to lay upon you no greater burden than these necessary things; that you abstain from things sacrificed to idols, and from blood, and from things strangled, and from fornication;[viii] showing evidently by what they wrote, that though the writing was by the hands of human Apostles, yet the decree is universal from the Holy Ghost: which decree Paul and Barnabas took and confirmed unto all the world.”  30.  “And now … I ask indulgence … from the Spirit … For when shall I in terms worthy of Himself declare the marvelous deeds wrought by the operation of the Holy Ghost in the Name of Christ?  Those wrought in Cyprus upon Elymas the sorcerer, and in Lystra at the healing of the cripple, and in Cilicia and Phrygia and Galatia and Mysia and Macedonia?[ix]  Or those at Philippi (the preaching, I mean, and the driving out of the spirit of divination in the Name of Christ; and the salvation by baptism of the jailer with his whole house at night after the earthquake);[x] or the events at Thessalonica;[xi] and the address at Areopagus in the midst of the Athenians;[xii] or the instructions at Corinth,[xiii] and in all Achaia?[xiv]  … the mighty deeds which were wrought at Ephesus through Paul, by the Holy Ghost?[xv]  Whom they of that City knew not before, but came to know Him by the doctrine of Paul; and when Paul had laid his hands on them, and the Holy Ghost had come upon them, they spoke with tongues, and prophesied.[xvi]  And so great spiritual grace was upon him, that not only his touch wrought cures, but even the handkerchiefs and napkins,[xvii] brought from his body, healed diseases, and scared away the evil spirits; and at last they also who practiced curious arts brought their books together, and burned them before all men.[xviii]  31.  “… Eutychus, who being borne down by his sleep fell down from the third loft, and was taken up dead; yet was saved alive by Paul.[xix]  … the Elders of Ephesus … to whom he openly said, That the Holy Ghost witnesses in every city, saying…. for by saying, in every city, Paul made manifest that the marvelous works done by him in each city, were from the operative power of the Holy Ghost….[xx]  By the power of this Holy Ghost, the same Paul was hastening to this holy city Jerusalem, and this, though Agabus[xxi] by the Spirit foretold what should befall him; and yet he spoke to the people with confidence, declaring the things concerning Christ.  And when … set amid tribunals of justice … before Felix[xxii] … before Festus[xxiii] … Agrippa[xxiv], Paul obtained of the Holy Ghost grace so great, and triumphant in wisdom, that at last Agrippa himself the king of the Jews said, Almost you persuade me to be a Christian….  This Holy Spirit granted to Paul … to receive no harm when bitten by the viper, and to effect various cures on the diseased.  This Holy Spirit guided him … even as far as imperial Rome, and there he persuaded many of the Jews to believe in Christ, and to them who gainsaid he said plainly, Well spoke the Holy Ghost by Esaias the Prophet, saying unto your fathers.”[xxv]  32.  “… hear from [Paul] himself as he writes plainly in his Epistles; And my speech, he says, and my preaching was not in persuasive words of man’s wisdom, but in demonstration of the Spirit and of power.[xxvi]  But He who sealed us for this very purpose is God, who gave us the earnest of the Spirit.[xxvii]  He that raised up Jesus from the dead shall also quicken your mortal bodies by His Spirit which dwells in you.[xxviii]  That good thing which was committed to you guard through the Holy Ghost which was given to us.[xxix]  33.  “And that the Holy Ghost subsists, and lives, and speaks, and foretells … Paul writes plainly to Timothy: Now the Spirit speaks expressly, that in later times some shall depart from the faith[xxx] — which we see in the divisions not only of former times but also of our own; so motley and diversified are the errors of the heretics.[xxxi]  … Paul says, Which in other generations was not made known unto the sons of men, as it has now been revealed unto His Holy Apostles and Prophets in the Spirit.[xxxii]  Wherefore, as says the Holy Ghost;[xxxiii]The Holy Ghost also witnesses to us.[xxxiv]  And take the helmet of salvation, and the sword of the Spirit, which is the Word of God, with all prayer and supplication.[xxxv]  Be not drunk with wine, wherein is excess; but be filled with the Spirit, speaking to yourselves in psalms, and hymns, and spiritual songs.[xxxvi]  The grace of the Lord Jesus, and the love of God, and the communion of the Holy Ghost be with you all.[xxxvii]  34.  “By all these proofs … is the personal, and sanctifying, and effectual power of the Holy Ghost established for those who can understand; for the time would fail me … if I wished to quote what yet remains concerning the Holy Ghost from the fourteen Epistles of Paul….  And to … the Holy Ghost … to grant to us forgiveness for what we have omitted … while from the frequent reading of the sacred Scriptures those of you who are diligent come to understand these things … and from what has before been told you, hold more steadfastly the Faith in One God the Father Almighty; and in our Lord Jesus Christ, His Only-Begotten Son; and in the Holy Ghost the Comforter.  Though the word itself and title of Spirit is applied to Them in common in the sacred Scriptures, — for it is said of the Father, God is a Spirit,[xxxviii]  … of the Son, A Spirit before our face, Christ the Lord,[xxxix] … of the Holy Ghost, the Comforter, the Holy Ghost,[xl] … yet the arrangement of articles in the Faith,[xli] if religiously understood, disproves the error of Sabellius also….”  35.  “Beware lest … thou come to the dispensers of Baptism in hypocrisy, your heart the while not seeking the truth.  It is ours to protest, but it is yours to secure yourself.  If you stand in faith,[xlii] blessed are you; if you have fallen in unbelief, from this day forward cast away your unbelief, and receive full assurance.  For, at the season of baptism, when you have come before the Bishops, or Presbyters, or Deacons … approach the Minister of Baptism, but approaching, think not of the face of him you see, but remember this Holy Ghost of whom we are now speaking.  For He is present in readiness to seal your soul, and He shall give you that Seal at which evil spirits tremble, a heavenly and sacred seal, as also it is written, In whom also ye believed, and were sealed with the Holy Spirit of promise.[xliii]  36.  “Yet He tries the soul. He casts not His pearls before swine; if you play the hypocrite, though men baptize you now, the Holy Spirit will not baptize you.[xliv]  But if you approach with faith, though men minister in what is seen, the Holy Ghost bestows that which is unseen.  … but keep the Seal upon your soul, no evil spirit will approach you; for he will be cowed; for verily by the Spirit of God are the evil spirits cast out.”  37.  “If you believe, you shall not only receive remission of sins, but also do things which pass man's power.  … For you shall receive grace according to the measure of your capacity and not of my words.… All your life long will your guardian the Comforter abide with you; He will care for you, as for his own soldier … [against] your plotting foes.  And He will give you gifts of grace of every kind, if you grieve Him not by sin; for it is written, And grieve not the Holy Spirit of God, whereby you were sealed unto the day of redemption.[xlv]  What then, beloved, is it to preserve grace?  Be ready to receive grace, and when you have received it, cast it not away.”  38.  “And may the very God of All, who spoke by the Holy Ghost through the prophets, who sent Him forth upon the Apostles on the day of Pentecost in this place, Himself send Him forth at this time also upon you; and by Him keep us also, imparting His benefit in common to us all, that we may ever render up the fruits of the Holy Ghost, love, joy, peace, long-suffering, gentleness, goodness, faith, meekness, temperance,[xlvi] in Christ Jesus our Lord:— By whom and with whom, together with the Holy Ghost, be glory to the Father, both now, and ever, and for ever and ever. Amen.[xlvii]



[i] Acts 9:32-35; 36-42; 10:11-16

[ii] Acts 10:17-48

[iii] Acts 11:22-26

[iv] Acts 11:26

[v] Acts 13:2-5

[vi] Hebrews 10:1

[vii] We do not need the Law written in ordinances: for Christ has fulfilled all the righteous requirements of the Law perfectly, and we are in Christ by the Spirit’s Baptism.  There are no bloody sacrifices: for Christ has completed all of them.  The typology is done away since the reality has come.  The Law is being written in our hearts; the ordinances remain as a tutor to help us understand what is being written: but, obedience is all of the Spirit working in us.

[viii] Acts 15:1-29

[ix] Acts 13:8; 14:8;15:41; 16:6-9

[x] Acts 16:12-19; 23-45

[xi] Acts 17:1, 11

[xii] Acts 17:15-34

[xiii] Acts 18:1-11

[xiv] Acts 18:12-18

[xv] Acts 18:19; 19:1-6

[xvi] Acts 19:6

[xvii] Acts 19:12

[xviii] The burning of books, here, was voluntary; nevertheless, it had some unfortunate repercussions: for, now, there are floating rumors of what was supposedly written, without any means of recovering the facts.  On the other hand, there are some things so evil that they are better left unknown, unread, unseen, unwritten; facts ascertained or transmitted by gossip, innuendo, or rumor can always be exposed for what they are, arguments from silence — hearsay, inadmissible in any court — we simply demand that the evidence be produced — finding no evidence, we move on.  Acts 19:19

[xix] Acts 20:6-12

[xx] Acts 20:16-26

[xxi] Acts 21:10, as well as Acts 11:28 for background on Agabus

[xxii] Acts 23:24, 26; 24:3, 22, 24, 25, 27; 25:14

[xxiii] Acts 24:27; 25:1, 4, 9, 12, 13, 14, 22, 23, 24; 26:24, 25, 32

[xxiv] Herod Agrippa Ⅱ and his sister Bernice…  Acts 25:13, 22, 23, 24, 26; 26:1, 2, 7, 19, 27, 28, 32

[xxv] Isaiah 6:9-11; Matthew 13:14; Mark 4:12; Acts 28:25-29

[xxvi] 1 Corinthians 2:4

[xxvii] 2 Corinthians 1:22

[xxviii] Romans 8:11

[xxix] 2 Timothy 1:14

[xxx] 1 Timothy 4:1

[xxxi] Note that St. Cyril lumps all the divisions of the Church together, including the catholic divisions, as heretical apostasy; how, pray tell, is the honest and sincere simple Christian supposed to sort this out on his/her own authority?  The sins of the churches are obstructing the pathway to heaven.  May the Spirit provide more abundant grace in the face of such disaster.  Shame on all of us; God forgive us, we know not what we do.  The Spirit is not and cannot be divided.  The Body of Christ is not and cannot be divided.  A said catholicity is not the same thing as true catholicity.

[xxxii] Ephesians 3:5

[xxxiii] Hebrews 3:7

[xxxiv] Hebrews 10:15

[xxxv] Ephesians 6:17

[xxxvi] Psalm 66:1 Septuagint; 75:1 Septuagint; Ephesians 5:19; Colossians 3:16

[xxxvii] 2 Corinthians 13:14

[xxxviii] John 4:24

[xxxix] We dare not say that St. Cyril has erred: for his command of the Septuagint is so excessively better than ours: nevertheless, we failed to find the Jeremiah reference.  Job 4:15; 2 Corinthians 3:18

[xl] John 14:26

[xli] The Nicene Creed, which is the course or teaching followed by St. Cyril and others.

[xlii] Romans 11:20

[xliii] Ephesians 1:13

[xliv] Note that St. Cyril denies the opinion of ex opere operato, which was moved at Trent.

[xlv] Ephesians 4:30

[xlvi] Galatians 5:22-23

[xlvii] John 14:17, 26; Galatians 1:3-5; Jude 1:25