Monday, May 14, 2018

Cyril of Jerusalem, Lecture 15, Part C


Cyril of Jerusalem

Lecture 15, Part C


I beheld till thrones were placed, and one that was ancient of days did sit, and then, I saw in a vision of the night, and behold one like the Son of Man came with the clouds of heaven….” — Daniel 7:9-14


Summary: St. Cyril completes his discussion of the future with observations about the last judgement: assurances of God’s mercy, the necessity of good works, God’s spotlight on Man and mankind, the separation of sheep and goats, the certainty of everlasting fire, and Christ’s endless kingdom.  Guard this trust that you may inherit the [eternal] kingdom of heaven.


Preview:  23. “Be of good courage, O man; the Judge is no respecter of persons; He will not judge according to a man's appearance, nor reprove according to his speech.  He honors not the learned before the simple, nor the rich before the needy.  Though thou be in the field, the Angels shall take you; think not that He will take the landowners, and leave you the husbandman.  Though thou be a slave, though thou be poor, be not any whit distressed; He who took the form of a servant[i] despises not servants.  Though thou be lying sick in bed, yet it is written, Then shall two be in one bed; the one shall be taken, and the other left.[ii]  Though thou be of compulsion put to grind, whether thou be man or woman; though thou be in fetters, and sit beside the mill, yet He who by His might brings out them that are bound,[iii] will not overlook you. He who brought forth Joseph out of slavery and prison to a kingdom, shall redeem you also from your afflictions into the kingdom of heaven. Only be of good cheer, only work, only strive earnestly; for nothing shall be lost.”  Every deed, good or bad is recorded; “now after having been baptized; for your former [evil] deeds are blotted out.  24.  The number of human beings that have ever lives is very large; this number is minuscule compared to the number of Angels: yet, God poured out his love through One and for one mankind.  Thousand thousands ministered unto Him, and ten thousand times ten thousand stood before Him.”[iv]  So there will be present at the judgment in that day, God, the Father of all, Jesus Christ being seated with Him, and the Holy Ghost present with Them; and an angel's trumpet shall summon us all to bring our deeds with us. Ought we not then from this time forth to be sore troubled? Think it not a slight doom, O man, even apart from punishment, to be condemned in the presence of so many. Shall we not choose rather to die many deaths, than be condemned by friends?”  25.  “Let us dread then, brethren, lest God condemn us; who needs not examination or proofs, to condemn.”  For: “your thoughts the meanwhile accusing or else excusing, in the day when God shall judge the secrets of men.”[v]  For neither does the Father judge any man, but he has given all judgment unto the Son.”[vi]  And before Him shall they gather all nations.”[vii]  He shall separate them one from another, as the shepherd divides his sheep from the goats.”[viii]  “But God forbid that any here present should be cast out from grace, or for evil deeds be found among the ranks of the sinners on the left hand!”  26.  “Terrible in good truth is the judgment, and terrible the things announced.  The kingdom of heaven is set before us, and everlasting fire is prepared.  How then, someone will say, are we to escape the fire?  And how to enter into the kingdom?  I was an hungered, He says, and you gave Me meat.  Learn hence the way; there is here no need of allegory, but to fulfil what is said. I was an hungered, and you gave Me meat; I was thirsty, and you gave Me drink; I was a stranger, and you took Me in; naked, and you clothed Me; I was sick, and you visited Me; I was in prison, and you came unto Me.[ix]  These things if you do, you shall reign together with Him; but if you do them not, you shall be condemned.  At once then begin to do these works, and abide in the faith; lest, like the foolish virgins, tarrying to buy oil, thou be shut out.  Be not confident because thou merely possessest the lamp, but constantly keep it burning.  Let the light of your good works shine before men[x], and let not Christ be blasphemed on your account.  Wear thou a garment of incorruption, resplendent in good works; and whatever matter you receive from God to administer as a steward, administer profitably.”  For to this end Christ both died and lived again, that He might be Lord both of the dead and living.”[xi]  27.  And should you ever hear any say that the kingdom of Christ shall have an end, abhor the heresy; it is another head of the dragon, lately sprung up.”  “For he has not listened to the Lord, saying, The Son abides forever.”[xii]  “He has not listened to Gabriel, saying, And He shall reign over the house of Jacob forever, and of His kingdom there shall be no end.”[xiii]  “I saw in a vision of the night, and behold, one like the Son of Man came with the clouds of heaven, and came to the Ancient of days ... And to Him was given the honor, and the dominion, and the kingdom: and all peoples, tribes, and languages shall serve Him; His dominion is an everlasting dominion, which shall not pass away, and His kingdom shall not be destroyed.”[xiv]  28.  “David also says in one place, Your throne, O God, is for ever and ever; and in another place, You, Lord, in the beginning hast laid the foundations of the earththey shall perish, but You remain... but You are the same, and Your years shall not fail: words which Paul has interpreted of the Son.”[xv]  29.  “And would you know how they who teach the contrary ran into such madness?  They read wrongly that good word of the Apostle, For He must reign, till He has put all enemies under His feet.”[xvi]  30.  They have also dared to say that the Scripture, When all things shall be subjected unto Him, then shall the Son also Himself be subjected unto Him that subjected all things unto Him — that this Scripture shows that the Son also shall be absorbed into the Father.”  31.  “What is the meaning of “until” or “as long as”?  For with the very phrase will I close with them, and try to overthrow their error.  Since they have dared to say that the words, till He has put His enemies under His feet, show that He Himself shall have an end, and have presumed to set bounds to the eternal kingdom of Christ, and to bring to an end, as far as words go, His never-ending sovereignty, come then, let us read the like expressions in the Apostle: Nevertheless, death reigned from Adam till Moses.  Did men then die up to that time, and did none die any more after Moses, or after the Law has there been no more death among men?”  32.  Take again another similar text.  For until this day ... when Moses is read, a veil lies upon their heart.[xvii]  Does until this day mean only “until Paul”? Is it not until this day present, and even to the end?”  “For it is written, His kingdom is an everlasting kingdom.”  33.  “And though I have many more testimonies out of the divine Scriptures, concerning the kingdom of Christ which has no end forever, I will be content at present with those above mentioned, because the day is far spent.  But you, O hearer, worship only Him as your King, and flee all heretical error.”  “May the God of the whole world keep you all in safety … unsubdued by Antichrist … the Deceiver … you have received the proofs of the true Christ….  Flee therefore … the False one; and look for the other, the True.  You have learned the way, how in the judgment you may be found among those on the right hand; guard that which is committed to you[xviii] concerning Christ, and be conspicuous in good works, that you may stand with a good confidence before the Judge, and inherit the kingdom of heaven….”




[i] Philippians 2:7

[ii] Luke 17:34

[iii] Exodus 11:4-7; 12:22-23; 12:29-32, 51

[iv] Daniel 7:10

[v] Romans 2:15-16

[vi] John 5:22

[vii] Matthew 25:32

[viii] Matthew 25:31–46

[ix] Matthew 25:35

[x] Matthew 5:16

[xi] Romans 14:9

[xii] John 8:35

[xiii] Luke 1:33

[xiv] Daniel 7:13-14

[xv] Hebrews 1:10-12

[xvi] 1 Corinthians 15:25

[xvii] 2 Corinthians 3:14-15

[xviii] 1 Timothy 6:20

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